The myth of depression as disease : limitations and alternatives to drug treatment by Leventhal Allan M

Author:Leventhal, Allan M
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Depressive Disorder -- therapy, Antidepressive Agents -- adverse effects, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy -- methods, Depression, Mental -- Chemotherapy -- Evaluation, Mental -- Treatment -- Evaluation, Cognitive therapy, Antidepressants -- Effectiveness, Behandelingsmethoden, Depressies (psychiatrie), Psychotherapie -- Depression, Depression -- Psychotherapie, Antidepressivum, Depression -- Pharmakotherapie, Effizienz, Psychotherapie, Methode, Vergleich, Therapie, Antidepressiva läkemedel, Depression (psykiatri) -- behandling, Kognitiv beteendeterapi, Antidepressiva la˜kemedel
ISBN: 0275989763
Publisher: Westport, Conn. : Praeger
Published: 2006-12-15T00:00:00+00:00

Generalization and Discrimination

Acquisition of a conditioned response has been shown to lead to that response occurring to similar stimuli. This is called generalization. For example, fears elicited in the child receiving the injection in the doctor’s office may generalize to other offices or to other physical

characteristics of unfamiliar men who look similar to the doctor, such as men with beards or tall men. This suggests how fears spread in everyday life and how, in the absence of awareness of the learning history of an individual, such fears may be difficult to understand. Psychologists have learned that there are ways to limit generalization. When two stimuli are similar, reinforcement of one (that is, following it with the unconditioned stimulus) and extinction of the other leads to discrimination rather than generalization. Behavior therapists use this principle to eliminate fears and the dysfunctional behaviors prompted by those fears.

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